Publications - Papers

On this section of the website, the PEO publishes papers that are useful to Planners and Schedulers.

Papers can be submitted to the PEO for consideration for publishing at any time. Please forward these to gfrance@planningengineers.org. Some of the papers included on this website are dissertation papers submitted by members as part of their membership application process.

The papers are divided into the categories below.

Categories

• Latest Papers (5)
• Construction Techniques (2)
• Delay Analysis, Legal, EOT's, Expert Witness etc (8)
• Earned Value Analysis (3)
• General Planning & Scheduling (19)
• Planning/Scheduling Software (4)
• Process Plants (2)

Latest Papers

Title:	What is the health of my project?
Author:	Ruthanne Schulte
Date	18 April 2008
Overview:	Ruthanne sets of the use and benefits of earned value analysis.
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Title:	Theta Planning
Author:	Andrew Dick
Date	11 April 2008
Overview:	This paper establishes basic schedule benchmarks which allow for the construction of schedules and subsequent analysis of scheduled resource requirements at various levels of an organisation using Primavera Enterprise version 5.0 SP3.
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Title:	Questions to ask when drawing a programme for a construction project
Author:	Gary France
Date	11 April 2008
Overview:	It is important to understand the constraints and influences on a programme before starting to draw the programme for a project. Gary has provided a standard check-list of questions to ask before drawing a programme for a construction project.
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Title:	Adaptive Management For Project Planning
Author:	Lev Virine
Date	4 April 2008
Overview:	Originally developed by ecologists, adaptive management has become a powerful framework for project planning. It is a structured and systematic process to continually improve decisions and project planning practices by learning from the outcomes of previous choices and actions.
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Title:	Programme Submittal and Acceptance
Author:	Roger Gibson
Date	8 February 2008
Overview:	Roger sets out a very useful guide as to what should be included within a contractors submittal of a contract programme to the Contract Administration.
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Construction Techniques

Title:	Pre-cast concrete components in new buildings
Author:	Julian Pegg
Date	22 October 2007
Overview:	Whilst written spcifically about the pre-cast concrete components market in New Zealand, this paper provides very useful and important considerations for principal contractors when planning and programming at tender stage.
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Title:	Programme benefits of using Strand jacking techniques
Author:	Darren Rackett
Date	15 March 2005
Overview:	Darren sets out details of a technique known as strand jacking as used on the construction of a major office development in London, UK.
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Delay Analysis, Legal, EOT's, Expert Witness etc

Title:	How to be good
Author:	Nick Lane
Date	2 March 2006
Overview:	If you want to win a delay claim, it is crucial that the court approves of your choice of delay analysis - but how are you supposed to know which technique is 'right'? This paper originally appeared in Building Magazine (www.building.co.uk) on the 17th February 2006 and is a follow up to "Listen, this is important".
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Title:	Listen, this is important
Author:	Nick Lane
Date	1 March 2006
Overview:	Delay analysis is too pivotal to disputes to remain shrouded in mystery or be left to the experts. Here's what you must understand about the four main techniques. Article originally appeared in Building Magazine (www.building.co.uk) on 2nd December 2005
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Title:	Own Goal in Extra Time
Author:	Andrew Hemsley
Date	23 February 2006
Overview:	Rather like referees, contract administrators aren't infallible. So what can you do if one of them wrongly awards your contractor an extension of time? Andrew Hemsley sets out his views. This paper first appeared in Building Magazine (www.building.co.uk) on the 16th September 2005.
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Title:	Great Eastern Hotel Company Limited v John Laing Construction Limited and Laing Construction Plc
Author:	Jeremy Glover
Date	10 February 2006
Overview:	Jeremy writes about the Great Eastern Hotel Delay Analysis Case - asking "What does the Court look for in delay analysis?".
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Title:	Crash or Burn - Accelerating Construction Projects
Author:	Lee Cookson
Date	23 May 2005
Overview:	Time is money. Whether recovering culpable delay caused by Contractor default or accelerating the project following a contract instruction, time is money. This paper looks at the trade off between time and money and some of the practical problems found when assessing the optimum duration to be recovered.
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Title:	As-Built Critical Paths - Fact or Fiction
Author:	Anthony Caletka
Date	21 February 2005
Overview:	There has recently been an upsurge in the application of forensic delay analyses relying simply on what has become known as an "As-Built Critical Path" - ABCP. Consequently, there has also been much debate between forensic analysts and site planners as to whether as-built critical paths truly exist. Here Anthony Caletka sets out his views.
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Title:	Scheduling and executing the project. Delay, disruption and change management
Author:	Nicholas Gould
Date	10 September 2004
Overview:	This paper considers some of the legal issues arising from the execution of the project. Virtually all construction projects are subject to variation, external factors and a range of risks that may lead to the re-scheduling of the project on a variety of occasions during the course of the project. These issues frequently manifest themselves in the form of delay or disruption to the works. This paper, therefore, considers some of the issues arising from delay and disruption, including the need to prove cause and effect.
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Title:	Analysis of project delay - theoretical or interrogation of the facts?
Author:	Roger Gibson
Date	9 June 2003
Overview:	Roger sets out his views on different types of delay analysis, along with the importance of utilising the facts of what actually happened on a project.
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Earned Value Analysis

Title:	What is the health of my project?
Author:	Ruthanne Schulte
Date	18 April 2008
Overview:	Ruthanne sets of the use and benefits of earned value analysis.
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Title:	Best Practice Hospital Project Management Utilising EVPM Methodology
Author:	Raf Dua
Date	10 October 2005
Overview:	In this comprehensive paper, Raf discusses the following: - Implementing best practice in hospital project management through the use of a Project Office; - Formal decision and control of interfaces between the architect, builder and the client hospital; - Metric based Project Management utilising the PMIBOK; - Earned value tracking; - Bottom line focus; - Case Studies: Latrobe Regional Hospital and a major NSW rehabilitation hospital.
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Title:	Controlling Construction Projects using Earned Value Analysis
Author:	Paul Kidston
Date	1 January 2005
Overview:	The writer covers the topic of Earned Value Analysis (EVA) from inception by the United States Defence unit in the mid 1960’s to how a major contractor has taken on board wholesale the terminology and protocols set by EVA to monitor projects throughout the business unit. The paper includes a number of useful diagrams from which a novice can fully understand the complexity of the management-monitoring tool.
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General Planning & Scheduling

Title:	Questions to ask when drawing a programme for a construction project
Author:	Gary France
Date	11 April 2008
Overview:	It is important to understand the constraints and influences on a programme before starting to draw the programme for a project. Gary has provided a standard check-list of questions to ask before drawing a programme for a construction project.
Download:

Title:	Adaptive Management For Project Planning
Author:	Lev Virine
Date	4 April 2008
Overview:	Originally developed by ecologists, adaptive management has become a powerful framework for project planning. It is a structured and systematic process to continually improve decisions and project planning practices by learning from the outcomes of previous choices and actions.
Download:

Title:	Programme Submittal and Acceptance
Author:	Roger Gibson
Date	8 February 2008
Overview:	Roger sets out a very useful guide as to what should be included within a contractors submittal of a contract programme to the Contract Administration.
Download:

Title:	Planning Tricks and Tips
Author:	Gary France
Date	11 December 2006
Overview:	In November 2006, Gary France gave a talk about certain aspects of planning and scheduling. One aspect of this talk covered tricks and tips in planning and scheduling and in order to share the content of that talk with as many people as possible, this paper has been produced specifically for the PEO. Set out under various categories are a number of useful planning tips and tricks. You can use this list for whatever purpose you wish. Should you wish to add to this list with further good ideas, then please advise Gary via email (gfrance@planningengineers.org).
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Title:	CIOB Pre-Construction Society
Author:	Harry Sharp
Date	5 September 2006
Overview:	Harry is the Chairman of the CIOB (Chartered Institute of Building) Pre-Construction Society and this paper is the 2005 Chairman's Report and Aims & Objectives.
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Title:	Watch Out for Sectional Completions
Author:	Paul Whatley
Date	10 August 2006
Overview:	This paper discusses the practical considerations, critical path and EOT implications of sectional completions.
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Title:	Capital Expenditure Programme Planning and Management
Author:	Ian Thomson
Date	29 January 2006
Overview:	Ian describes his move from being a single project planner to one of being responsible for a programme of projects and how his own approach had to change to meet this new environment.
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Title:	Line of Balance
Author:	Paul Whatley
Date	25 January 2006
Overview:	Line of Balance is a method of showing the repetitive work that may exist in a project programme as a single line on a graph rather than a series of individual activities on a bar chart. A Line of Balance Chart can be used for any project where there are a number of separate but common activities to undertake or an activity with a long duration.
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Title:	Project (Time) Control for an EPC Project
Author:	Patrick Zwinkels
Date	25 January 2006
Overview:	Patrick sets out how project controls relating to the time aspects of an EPC project can be applied.
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Title:	Practical Checking of Schedule of Works
Author:	Jihad Daniel
Date	21 January 2006
Overview:	We are often called upon to check contractors schedules. In his paper, Jihad sets out both a checklist and discusses what should be taken into account when checking the validity of contactors schedules.
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Title:	Showing Progress: Drop Lines or Rescheduled Activities
Author:	Paul Whatley
Date	21 January 2006
Overview:	Paul very clearly sets out the two different types of recording progress; dropline and rescheduled, drawing on his experience to discuss the pro's and con's of each. He also gives very clear advice as to the circumstances when each is appropriate.
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Title:	Standards for the Levels of a Programme or Schedule
Author:	Gary France, Chairman, The Planning Engineers Organisation
Date	11 December 2005
Overview:	A few years ago, planners and schedulers began to describe the various types of programmes / schedules they were producing as being of different levels. Each individual person or organisation would set up and use their own system for describing these various levels of programme / schedule and this has lead to confusion caused by inconsistency. The purpose of this paper is therefore to set out the standards of description that all planners and schedulers can use to describe the levels of their programmes or schedules.
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Title:	The Essence of Good Planning - Putting Planning into Context
Author:	Phil Solomon
Date	8 June 2005
Overview:	This extremely useful papers sets out the different types of planning undertaken in the UK construction industry, what is expected at each stage of planning a project, and what should be undertaken by a planner when producing the project plan. It is essential and interesting reading for both those new to planning and more experienced planners/schedulers as well.
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Title:	Program Level Scheduling
Author:	Guenther Preuhs
Date	8 June 2005
Overview:	An information paper setting out the crucial differences between project level scheduling and program level scheduling. Guenther discusses four components/purposes of scheduling at the programme level: construction planning, financial planning, resource planning/management and operational planning. This is a must-read for those looking at the bigger picture of planning and scheduling.
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Title:	Who 'owns' the programme ? - the planner or the project manager ?
Author:	Ian Hodgson
Date	23 May 2005
Overview:	This paper sets out Ian's clear views about who should 'own' a programme for a project. He starts with a comparison between "best avoided" and "preferred" scenarios of how a planner, project manager, client and the users of a programme work and input into the process of planning / scheduling. Ian then moves into how he sees the various parties should contribute to the planning process in order that all of the main parties should own the programme.
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Title:	Client Preconstruction Planning
Author:	Peter Harvey
Date	23 May 2005
Overview:	The author of this paper, Peter Harvey, has considerable experience of "pre-construction planning". That is, independantly producing a project plan for a construction project very early in the development process, before a contractor is appointed. Peter sets out what is involved in pre-construction planning, discussing important considerations such as the planners input into the production of an Environment Impact Assessment.
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Title:	40 years, the changes, the present and the future - "Voted best PEO paper of 2005 by the members of the Organisation"
Author:	Des Bentley
Date	13 May 2005
Overview:	Des sets out his observations on how planning and scheduling has changed over the years and how planners today can be much more sophisticated in how they work. This paper makes excellent reading and contains much that we will all recognise.
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Title:	Producing a Best Practice Document for Planners within a Company Environment
Author:	Bill Day
Date	1 January 2005
Overview:	This paper is a good starting point for senior planners and schedulers responsible for managing a number of consecutive projects across a business unit or for a division of a major contracting organisation from tender stage through to works on site. This best practice paper is a good guideline tool for planners to follow if the company for whom you work for has no planning manual whatsoever.
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Title:	Schedulers vs Planners - There is a difference!
Author:	Peter Oakander
Date	27 November 2004
Overview:	Peter sets out his very clear views on the difference between schedulers and planners.
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Planning/Scheduling Software

Title:	Theta Planning
Author:	Andrew Dick
Date	11 April 2008
Overview:	This paper establishes basic schedule benchmarks which allow for the construction of schedules and subsequent analysis of scheduled resource requirements at various levels of an organisation using Primavera Enterprise version 5.0 SP3.
Download:

Title:	4D Planning
Author:	Huw Jones and Stephan Jones
Date	10 August 2006
Overview:	This paper sets out the basis of 4D planning and what benefits are devised from this method.
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Title:	Project Planning Using Events Chains Methodology
Author:	Ken McKinley
Date	17 October 2005
Overview:	Ken sets out that events chains methodology is a way of modelling of uncertainties. He discusses how different events can impact a programme / schedule and how these can be assessed by using the methodology.
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Title:	Primavera UK User Group Newsletter (Spring 2005)
Author:	Dave Forrest
Date	10 October 2005
Overview:	The Primavera UK User Group produces a regular newsletter. This is the Spring 2005 edition and contains articles on divers topics such as the user group membership, forthcoming Primavera products, tips & tricks, case studies and much more.
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Process Plants

Title:	Testing & Commissioning of Roundhill Sewage Sludge Incinerator
Author:	David Roberts
Date	13 May 2005
Overview:	This paper describes the approach taken to the planning and management of the testing, inspection and commissioning of a sewage sludge incineration plant. It highlights the importance of early and thorough preparation of a testing and commissioning programme on any process plant project, and the need to allow for a suitable contingency for the problems which inevitably occur in a plant commissioning process.
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Title:	Turnaround Project Planner Primer
Author:	Bernard Ertl
Date	1 March 2005
Overview:	The oil refining and petrochemical processing industries have their own nomenclature for maintenance projects. For the purposes of this paper, "turnaround" is intended to encompass all types of industrial projects for existing process plants including I&Ts (Inspection & Testing), shutdowns, emergency outages, debottlenecking projects, revamps, catalyst regeneration, etc. where an operating plant must be shut down until the work is completed and then restarted - thus "turning around" the unit/plant.
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